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A. CALVERT, QF` NEW/"YORK, N. Y.

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Speceaton'of `Letters Patent No.

.To all w-zfom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, FRANCIS A. CALVERT, of the city of New York, in theState of New York, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements inthe Manner of Goni structingMachines for `Coinbing Wool; and I do herebydeclare that the following is a full and exact description thereof.

A principal improvement in this machine consists in the settingof theteethupon p denominated the combwheel, or ring, ,drawnr whichuthe woolisto be combed, on the inner rim of a vertical, flat ring, lor hoop,`which is without arms, so` that said teethmay point `toward the center`of said hoop; I am awareA that the merecausing ofthe teeth to pointtoward the center is not in`itself new,nnbut the setting theminthat'position onthe inner rim, or edge, of a `hoop without arms, is inew; and by this arrangement I am enabled to bring up a flexible combbelt, which` constitutes another of my improvements, and a clearer, orother analogous apparatus, on opposite sides of the vertical ring, so as;t0` act upon the wool more advantageously than heretofore; a thingwhich in fact `could not be done wherearms were used. Anotherimprovement `made by me consists in the manner in which I employ what Idenominate backing rollers, by which rollers, `or some analogous device,I cause the long wool that collects on the comb teeth, and that liesonthe back of the comb, to be carried down from a point above the `drawingrollers, so as tobe worked over again; by whichoperationthe great wastehereto-` fore resulting from the absence `of a device `of this kind, isprevented;

Another improvement consists in the sub-` stituting for the cOmbcyhnder,by whichthe `wool is taken fromthe feeding rollers, and delivered on tothe teeth ofthe vertical comb` ring, a flexible `belt .of leather,orother-mate` rial, which is furnished with teeth, and passes around tworollers, one above the other, as hereinafter explained and repre-`sented. I have likewise introduced what I denominate an intersecting,toothed wheel which is so situated as to revolve between the teeth onthe vertical comb wheel `and the drawing rollers. This wheel isfurnished V withpointed teeth,and revolves ona center pin, but isnotdriven by gearingof any kind, its motion being derived from that of thewool, as it passes up on `the teeth of the vertical comb wheel. Thisintersecting toothed wheel serves, very efiectually, to

n section through the 3,391, dated December e7, 1843;

prevent the nubs of wool from passing in between the drawing rollers,and causes `them to ascend with the long bers to the backing rollers, tobe removed by the noiling roller. i `In the accompanying drawing, Figure1,`

is a :front elevation, andFig. 2, a vertical middle, ofthe machine,

from front to back.

A, A, `is a vertical wheel, hoop, `or ring,

`to a scale of one eighth of the real size. This ring is sustained inits vertical position by means of grooved friction rollers, B, B

`stituted for thecomb` cylinder which has been hitherto used; and on tothis the wool `is to be fed by a feeding apron, in the ordinary way offeeding machines for a like purpose; this feeding is not to extend tothe whole width lof the belt, but only to such width as will leaveaboutthree inches toward each edge of the belt, free, or unfed.

` The ring A, Iniake `about siX inches` `wider, `and an inch and a halfthick at its On its inner edge, where it` `outer edge. receives theteeth, it `is beveled on the sides,

n so `as to present a rim of about one fourthof an inch in width; Vthisform is shown at A in the section, Fig. 2.. E, is the clearer, whichisfurnished with fancy card teeth, as usual.

`F, lF,.is a toothed belt that takes the wool as `it passes up on thecomb teeth C, and delivers its ends `on to the `drawing rollers G, G,between which it passes, in straight lines, at rightangles to the planeof the ring,

A. A belt,A or a tube, is used to twist the wool as it passes from thedrawing, tothe delivering, rollers, I, I; this is a wellknown device,and is not therefore, shown in the drawing.

What I denominate the backing rollers are shown at J, J. These, asbeforeobserved,

. B to the two latter of whichI apply the are intended to cause the`long wool which collects on the comb teeth, and which lies onthe backof the comb, to be carried down, and worked over again. By these backingrollers, `which are madeyto revolve by suitable bands, or otherwise, thewool is passed from the teeth of the comb wheel, on to an and attachedto the belt as represented at` N, N, that take the wool from a feedingapron of the ordinary kind, the situation of the feeding rollers beingshown at O, O; from these, it is delivered on to the teeth C, of thecomb-wheel, or ring, A. By the substitution of the flexible belt D, D,for the comb cylinder heretofore employed for feeding the wool on to theteeth of the comblwheel, a very important end is attained. The

belt D, while the feeding is effected by it, lies in the same plane withthe teeth C, C, of the wheel A, and the feeding, therefore, is directand uniform. The length of the comb cylinder formerly used, whether thepart so called was made actually cylindrical, or whether it was curvedfrom end to end on its face, had to be limited within bounds which itwas desirable to exceed, but its extension was forbidden by the natureof the case. Under my arrangement no limit exists to the width of theflexible belt, excepting what arises from the actual diameter of the Yring A.

I), is a noiling roller which is covered with leather, and serves toremove the noils from the teeth of the wheel A, after they have passedthe backing rollers J, J.

Q, represents what I have denominated the independent, intersectingtoothed wheel, revolving freely, as above remarked, upon a center pin;its pointed teeth passing through the space left between the teeth C,and the drawing rollers, such wheel being carried around by the wool onsaid teeth; its use is to prevent the nubs of wool from passing inbetween the drawing rollers, and to force them to pass up with the shortfibers, to be removed and thrown under the machine by the noilingroller.

Having thus fully described the nature of my improvements on the machinefor combing wool, what I claim therein as new, and desire to secure byLetters Patent, is-

l. Combining with the vertical wheel A, of a flexible comb-belt D, D,said belt passing around two drums, or rollers, and being therebyv madecapable of delivering the wool on to the teeth C, in a directioncorresponding with the plane in which they revolve.

2. I likewise claim the use of such a flexible comb belt, that is tosay, having teeth formed on plates of metal, and attached to theflexible belt as shown at N, N, whether combined with the wheel A, oremployed for a like purpose in any other combing machine.

3. I, also, claim the carrying down of the long, and other, wool, whichhas not been taken olf by the drawing rollers, to be worked over again,this being effected by the backing rollers J, J, and the toothed belt K,the latter reconveying it to the flexible belt D, to be worked overagain. And I will here remark, that the manner of arranging this part ofthe apparatus as herein described, and represented in the drawing, isadapted to the particular kind of machine in which it is employed; butthe same principle may be applied, by equivalent means, to other combingmachines; such, for example, as that known as Simpsons belt machine, aswell as to those of other constructions.v All that is necessary being tovary the arrangement of the parts in a manner which can be readily doneby any competent machinist to whom the principle is known, without Vhishaving a right to claim any new invention. I intend, therefore, inclaiming the use of the backing rollers and belt, for the purpose setforth, not to limit myself-to the particular arrangement herein madeknown, but to embrace in said claim all variations thereof that aresubstantially the same in the manner of operating, and in the endattained.

4:. Lastly, I claim the manner of arranging and using what I havedenominated the independent, intersecting toothed wheel, for the purposeherein fully set forth.

FRANCIS A. CALVERT. `Witnessesz Jol-IN P. ROBINSON, Horario Gr. F.CoRLIss.

